Human Impact Project

A federal judge ruled that U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents violated a court order during a July 2025 enforcement operation at a Sacramento Home Depot parking lot by conducting warrantless arrests without individualized assessments. Judge Jennifer Thurston found that agents submitted virtually identical detention forms for 11 people, detaining them based on assumptions about their immigration status rather than reasonable suspicion or probable cause of flight risk.

California House members Mike Levin and Sara Jacobs conducted an unannounced oversight visit to the Otay Mesa ICE detention facility in San Diego on May 11, 2026, following a federal court ruling that struck down a Trump administration policy requiring seven days' notice for congressional visits. During their visit, ICE handed Levin a letter outlining a new policy requiring two days' advance notice and written consent from detainees before members of Congress can speak with them. Levin criticized the new restrictions as an attempt to obstruct congressional oversight, stating that advance notice allows the facility time to prepare and conceal actual conditions.

Chicago area officials accused ICE of violating Illinois state law and a Cook County court order that prohibit immigration arrests at courthouses. ICE agents allegedly appeared at the Cook County Domestic Violence Courthouse on Thursday and arrested a woman there on March 13, defying protections signed into law by Governor Pritzker in October.

Subramanyam "Subu" Vedam, a 64-year-old legal permanent resident from India, won an immigration hearing to remain in the United States after his 1980 murder conviction was vacated in 2024 following over 43 years in prison. Immigration Judge Adam Panopoulos ruled that Vedam's lengthy wrongful imprisonment, spotless prison record, and demonstrated rehabilitation outweighed prior drug convictions from the early 1980s, finding he poses no danger to the community and possesses good moral character. Vedam had been taken into ICE custody after his conviction was dismissed and was days away from naturalized citizenship when the deportation case was heard.

The Colibrí Center for Human Rights' DNA database, which helped identify remains of missing migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border for a decade, has been inaccessible since fall 2024. The nonprofit's website has gone dark and communications ceased, leaving families like that of Irma Carrillo Nevares without hope of identifying their missing relatives. Arizona moved to dissolve the organization in December 2025 due to unfiled paperwork.

Protect Democracy, the ACLU, and partners filed suit against DHS, ICE, and the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center on April 2, 2026, challenging a secret internal memo that authorizes agents to forcibly enter homes using only an administrative form instead of a judicial warrant. The lawsuit names six individuals affected by the policy, including Teyana and Garrison Gibson Brown, whose home was raided January 11, 2026, and Noe Alfredo Salguero, whose home was entered January 14, 2026. The memo, titled "Utilizing Form I-205, Warrant of Removal," was issued in May 2025 and kept secret until whistleblowers leaked it in late January 2026. Plaintiffs seek to vacate the policy and declare it unconstitutional under the Fourth Amendment.

U.S. District Judge Jennifer Thurston ruled that Border Patrol agents violated a preliminary injunction by detaining day laborers at a Sacramento Home Depot in July 2025 without specific evidence of immigration violations, relying instead on broad assumptions about workers in the parking lot. The judge found agents "again detained people without reasonable suspicion" and demanded to see identification from individuals based solely on their appearance. Thurston's ruling, granting a United Farm Workers motion to enforce the injunction, requires agents to document specific facts and reasoning for detentions and prohibits warrantless arrests without assessing flight risk.

An inspection by ICE's Office of Detention Oversight at Camp East Montana in El Paso, Texas found 49 deficiencies in detention standards on April 2, 2026. Violations included issues related to use of force, medical care, security, and disease prevention, with documented safety lapses including inadequate suicide prevention measures, unsecured equipment, staffing shortages, and medical negligence such as failure to isolate a detainee with tuberculosis symptoms. The facility, the nation's largest immigration detention center housing nearly 3,000 detainees daily since opening in summer 2025, has experienced at least three deaths. Despite these violations, the facility received an acceptable rating.

Jesus Vazquez, a 25-year-old Fort Worth resident who came to the U.S. as a baby, was deported to Mexico in March 2026 after three months in ICE detention following an arrest during a routine ICE check-in in November 2025. His American citizen wife Cassidy and their four children, ages 6 months to 8 years, remain in Fort Worth while working with an attorney to find a way for him to return to the U.S., though he is currently barred from re-entry for 10 years due to a 2022 marijuana possession conviction.

ICE agents in San Diego arrested David Antonio Aviles Perez, 35, who is wanted in El Salvador for murder and had previously been arrested in Monterey, California in 2023 on suspicion of assault with a deadly weapon after allegedly swinging a machete at a man, then released under California's sanctuary law. El Salvador had sentenced Perez to 20 years in prison for a 2014 gang killing. He is being held pending removal to El Salvador.

Federal records show ICE arrests in the Los Angeles area surged to approximately 14,302 in 2025, nearly tripling from 4,684 in 2024, before declining sharply in early 2026. In 2025, 39% of those arrested had no criminal convictions or pending charges, while 46% had convictions and 15% had pending charges. Monthly arrests dropped from over 1,500 in January 2026 to 809 in February 2026 following public pressure and policy shifts in enforcement priorities.

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement announced arrests and detentions of several undocumented immigrants convicted of crimes including arson, drug trafficking, robbery, and burglary. ICE stated that approximately 70% of those arrested had been charged with or convicted of crimes in the United States. The enforcement operations involved individuals from Honduras, Colombia, Mexico, and Cambodia, with convictions recorded in Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, and New York.

A woman who arrived in the U.S. at age 9 was detained by ICE and is facing deportation for overstaying her visa. She is married to a military veteran and has built her life in the country. Her family is raising funds to cover legal expenses.

Abel Ramirez, a man with schizophrenia who had two strokes, was detained by ICE and deported to Mexico without his family being allowed contact. He moved to the U.S. as a child and is now alone in Mexico. His family is seeking help locating him after he was last seen boarding a bus to Mexico City.

Enrique, brought to the U.S. at age three and raised there for 24 years, was stopped by a state trooper for a license plate light issue and taken into custody based on his Mexican passport despite lacking a driver's license. He spent three months in ICE processing with multiple court appearances before being granted voluntary departure. He is now in Mexico documenting his experience and attempting to maintain his business remotely while seeking residency.

Two sisters in Big Bear Lake are caring for their mother in hospice with stage 4 brain cancer after their father, Armando Gonzalez Procopio, was detained by ICE on March 31. ICE stated he was arrested for public order crimes and illegal entry, though the sisters dispute the characterization of his record, noting only traffic violations. Their father is scheduled to appear before a judge on April 10 for removal proceedings. The family is seeking his release so they can spend their mother's final days together.

José Ignacio 'Nacho' De La Cruz, a 30-year-old Migrant Justice organizer and Mexican national without a visa, was detained by federal agents on March 26, 2026, and charged with nine federal felony counts including human smuggling and document fraud. According to the indictment, between November 2022 and June 2025, De La Cruz smuggled people across the U.S.-Canada border without authorization and fraudulently obtained Vermont driver's privilege cards for individuals, receiving $500 per fraudulent ID. He was held at Northwest State Correctional Facility in St. Albans. On April 2, 2026, Judge Kevin Doyle ordered his release on bond, rejecting prosecutors' argument that he posed a flight risk after noting De La Cruz remained in Vermont despite knowing of the investigation. Migrant Justice attributed the arrest timing to retaliation following an ICE raid in South Burlington on March 11. He pleaded not guilty and faces up to 15 years imprisonment with a mandatory minimum of 3 years if convicted.

Luis Rene Chavaloc Tzaj, a noncitizen who had lived in the United States for an extended period without having been admitted, was detained by U.S. immigration authorities during removal proceedings at the California City Detention Facility. A federal court found he was entitled to a pre-deprivation bond hearing under 8 U.S.C. § 1226(a) and ordered his immediate release. The court ruled that if the government seeks to re-detain him, they must provide a proper bond hearing where he can contest flight risk and community safety concerns.

Jaqueline Del Socorro Jarquin Gutierrez, a 51-year-old Nicaraguan asylum seeker, was re-detained by ICE on April 1, 2026, during a routine check-in appointment after living in the community for nearly three and a half years in full compliance with release conditions. She had no criminal history and was lawfully employed while her asylum application remained pending. The court ordered her immediate release, finding her detention without notice or hearing violated due process rights.

Douglas Dixon, a 61-year-old Canadian green card holder, was arrested by ICE on February 10, 2026, while checking in with his probation officer in Florida. Dixon had pleaded no contest to tax evasion in 2022 and owed approximately $12,000 in back taxes. He was detained for 65 days, initially at the Dade-Collier facility in the Florida Everglades and later transferred to Glades County Detention Center. An immigration judge ordered his deportation to Canada with a lifetime ban from returning to the United States, separating him from his wife, children, and grandchildren after more than two decades in the country.

Dr. Ezequiel Veliz, a Venezuelan physician working as a resident at UT Health Rio Grande Valley/Knapp Medical Center in Texas, was detained by Border Patrol at the Sarita checkpoint in April 2025 after his Temporary Protected Status (TPS) was revoked in October 2024. Veliz is married to a U.S. citizen, had a pending green card application, and was carrying required immigration documents at the time of detention. Following outcry from the medical community and intervention by U.S. Rep. Joaquin Castro, a judge granted him bond during his immigration hearing, allowing his release from custody. Another Venezuelan colleague was also detained within the same week.

Y.R., a 37-year-old undocumented Honduran immigrant, was arrested by ICE in April 2026 while in the process of obtaining custody of her niece and nephew, who had been held in a federal shelter for over a year after crossing the Texas-Mexico border in April 2025. Y.R. had completed nearly a year of government vetting, including background checks and DNA tests, to become their sponsor. According to ICE documents, agents located her with assistance from the Office of Refugee Resettlement after the Trump administration dropped rules prohibiting that office from sharing sponsor information with ICE. She was released on bond by an immigration judge in May 2026 and reunited with her 11-year-old niece and 14-year-old nephew, but remains in deportation proceedings. Her lawyer says the policy of arresting potential sponsors has a chilling effect on families seeking to care for unaccompanied children.

Daniela, originally from Colombia, came to the United States on a work permit and is married to a U.S. citizen with a pending green card application. For months, she cooperated with a detective from the Florida Department of Financial Services, answering dozens of questions and providing documentation about insurance fraud committed by her former employer. When the detective asked her to meet in April to discuss the case, Daniela was instead detained, handcuffed, and arrested. She has no criminal record. She was taken to the Palm Beach County jail and then transferred in chains to ICE facilities in two different states before being released on bond in May. Her arrest reflects the expansion of the 287(g) Task Force program, which deputizes local law enforcement officers to enforce federal immigration laws.

Jose Enrique Ojeda Duarte, a 31-year-old Venezuelan asylum-seeker who legally entered the U.S. in 2024, was arrested in September 2025 during Operation Midway Blitz and spent seven months in detention centers, including Camp East Montana in El Paso, Texas, where he reported inhumane conditions including frozen food, lack of medical care during COVID, and minimal daylight. He was deported to Venezuela in April 2026 despite having pending legal cases, but the Department of Homeland Security admitted the deportation was an error caused by a data systems failure. After intervention by his attorneys and his partner Leydimar Castillo, Ojeda Duarte was returned to the U.S. in June and released by a federal judge. Now reunited with his family in Chicago, he struggles with anxiety, insomnia, and trauma, afraid to leave his house or play with his children, fearing another mistake will lead to his arrest and deportation again.

Melona fled Eritrea and sought asylum in the United States but was deported to Panama under a formal U.S. government agreement, a country where she has no ties and speaks no language. She was held in a hotel with hundreds of other migrants and asylum seekers without explanation or information about her future. The U.S. government is conducting deportation flights to Panama and Costa Rica as part of formal policy agreements. Melona's case represents a systemic pattern rather than an isolated incident.

Subramanyam "Subu" Vedam, 64, spent over 40 years in prison after a 1983 first-degree murder conviction that was vacated in August 2025 when prosecutors were found to have withheld ballistics evidence. Upon his conviction being overturned, ICE detained him based on a longstanding deportation order tied to a prior drug-related conviction. On April 1, 2026, an immigration judge ruled that Vedam could remain in the United States, citing his personal transformation and strong family ties. DHS has until May 4 to appeal the decision, and Vedam must still file a bond request for release from custody.

Hemerson David Sanchez Lemus, a Honduran citizen who entered the U.S. as a minor in 2016 and lived freely for nearly 10 years, was re-detained by ICE on April 1, 2026 while fishing. The government detained him under a new interpretation of immigration law without finding he was a flight risk or danger to the community. The federal court ordered his immediate release, ruling his detention unlawful.

A 53-year-old professional mariner identified as F was deported from San Diego port after CBP agents accused him of accessing a website containing child sexual exploitation material during 2017-2018. F denied the allegations and was never charged with any crime. His visa was revoked within 24 hours and he was deported to the Philippines.

Davit Igityan, an Armenian citizen with a pending asylum application, was detained by ICE officers on April 1, 2026, when he appeared at a courthouse in Burbank, California for a criminal hearing. He had been in the U.S. since July 2021 and had complied with all immigration proceedings while operating a lawful business and maintaining community ties. The court granted a temporary restraining order requiring ICE to provide him with an individualized bond hearing within 3 days or release him within 4 days.

In December 2025, Axel Sanchez Toledo called 911 in Palm Beach County, Florida requesting a welfare check on his daughter. A sheriff's deputy who was part of the county's 287(g) Task Force with ICE accused Toledo of being undocumented, detained him, and used physical force when he attempted to flee. Toledo, who had a pending asylum case, was arrested and held in jail for four months on resisting arrest charges before being transferred to ICE custody facing deportation.

ICE agent Gregory Donnell Morgan Jr. was charged by Hennepin County prosecutors with felony first- and second-degree assault after allegedly pointing a gun at people in another vehicle on Highway 62 in Minneapolis in February 2026 during Operation Metro Surge. Morgan turned himself in, posted bond, and made his first court appearance on May 24, 2026. His attorney argued Morgan feared for his safety when the other vehicle swerved near him.

Jose A.M.L., who entered the U.S. in May 2021 and was granted humanitarian parole, was arrested and detained by ICE during a routine check-in in April 2026 despite complying with all immigration conditions. The petitioner challenged his detention arguing it violated due process rights without a pre-deprivation hearing. The U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California granted his habeas corpus petition and ordered his immediate release with permanent injunction against re-detention without constitutional protections.

Marie-Thérèse Ross, an 85-year-old French citizen and widow of a U.S. military veteran, was arrested on April 1, 2026, in Anniston, Alabama by ICE officers for allegedly overstaying her 90-day visa. She was handcuffed at her home and transferred to an immigration detention facility in Basile, Louisiana, where she was held for 16 days in dormitory conditions with 58 other women. An Alabama judge noted that her stepson, a former state trooper and federal employee, may have used his position to prompt her detention following a dispute over her late husband's estate. Following intervention by the French foreign minister, she was released and returned to France, where she reported experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms and described detention conditions including strict rules and condescending treatment from guards.

K, a 23-year-old man, fled Belarus after being stalked and threatened for participating in political rallies opposing the government. After the CBP One system was shut down and being extorted in Mexico, he crossed onto U.S. soil and walked toward a port of entry in South Texas, where Border Patrol arrested him and ignored his asylum request. His phone containing persecution evidence was confiscated and never returned. He was shackled and secretly flown to Costa Rica without being told the destination.

Marcus, a 52-year-old former archivist from Cameroon, and his 14-year-old daughter Élodie were detained during an ICE enforcement action at their apartment in Minneapolis on April 1, 2026. ICE cited a typographical error in Marcus's A-number in his temporary work authorization as justification for the detention. During the enforcement action, ICE mistakenly seized Élodie's architectural drawings, classifying them as "surveillance imagery." Both remain in detention and have been unable to contact a journalist documenting crimes related to art trafficking, which is central to their asylum case. A GoFundMe campaign was initiated to support their case.

Genaro Gonzalez-Uribe, a 72-year-old undocumented man, was detained by ICE on March 30, 2026, while driving to work in Lodi, California. He was pulled over by unmarked vehicles and transferred to a detention facility in Kern County. His family reports he has no criminal history, prior deportations, or removal orders. They also expressed concerns about his health and access to medication while in custody and are seeking legal assistance as he faces removal proceedings.

ICE made 14,458 arrests in the greater Los Angeles area in 2025, more than triple the 4,684 arrests made in 2024, with 39% of those arrested having no criminal charges or convictions. Arrests fell sharply in early 2026, dropping from over 1,500 in January to 809 in February, amid public pressure and policy shifts toward more targeted enforcement.

Senate and House Republican leaders announced an agreement to reopen the Department of Homeland Security through September 30, resurrecting a bipartisan deal previously rejected by President Trump. The plan would omit funding for Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Border Patrol, with those agencies to be paid from previously appropriated funds. Democrats have demanded restrictions on federal immigration agents' conduct following the killing of two U.S. citizens in Minneapolis by immigration officers.

ICE arrested more than 7,030 people in Massachusetts during the first 15 months of the Trump administration, nearly five times the 1,470 arrests during the final 415 days of the Biden administration. Arrests involved people from 100 countries, with the highest numbers from Brazil and Guatemala, and took place at courthouses, police departments, and in public spaces. Nearly half of those arrested had no pending criminal charges, with 46% marked only for being in the country without legal status.

San Diego County Sheriff Kelly Martinez transferred 83 inmates to ICE custody in 2025, nearly tripling the 30 transfers made in 2024. The increase was driven by 53 federal ICE warrants, many issued under Operation Guardian Angel, a federal initiative using judicial warrants to bypass sanctuary law limits. The transfers included individuals with both violent and nonviolent convictions, and approximately 30 violated county policy. Community members, immigrant advocates, and some supervisors urged Martinez to end ICE cooperation, but she defended the practice as safer than community-based enforcement and declined to change the policy.

A federal judge ruled that the Trump administration violated the law by terminating the immigration status of approximately 900,000 migrants who entered through the CBP One parole program, which allowed asylum seekers to schedule vetted interviews at U.S.-Mexico border ports of entry. The administration ended the program in April 2025 and notified affected migrants via email that their status was revoked and they must leave immediately. The judge found that DHS failed to follow required legal procedures when revoking parole status. The ruling came in a 2025 class action lawsuit and may affect deportations that occurred since the program's termination.

Between April 2025 and February 2026, more than 5,600 people, including parents, children, toddlers, and newborns, were detained at the Dilley Immigration Processing Center, the sole active family detention facility in the United States. As of April 2026, the detained population continued to grow, with representatives reporting an increase to 138 families in a single week and describing heightened secrecy and restrictive conditions at the facility.

Ali and Adel, an Iranian gay couple in their late 30s and early 40s, fled Iran in 2021 after being arrested by Iran's morality police for their relationship. They entered the United States at the El Paso, Texas border in early 2025 seeking asylum, but their claims were denied. The men are now separated in ICE detention facilities—Ali in Arizona and Adel near El Paso—facing deportation under a Trump administration policy reversing decades of allowing Iranians fleeing persecution to remain in the country. Adel has suffered severe organ damage and medical deterioration in detention, including significant weight loss and fainting episodes. Court orders have so far prevented their deportation, though both men have been moved to deportation staging facilities multiple times, and the Trump administration has not clarified whether deportation flights to Iran will resume.

Nurul Amin Shah Alam, a 56-year-old nearly blind Rohingya refugee from Myanmar, was released from Erie County jail on February 19, 2026, after U.S. Border Patrol agents determined he was ineligible for deportation. Border Patrol agents dropped him at a Tim Hortons coffee shop north of Buffalo without notifying his family or attorney. Surveillance footage contradicted DHS claims that the location was safe and open; the store was closed except for the drive-thru. Alam, who spoke little English and required a cane to walk, went missing for several days. His body was found on February 24 near KeyBank Center, approximately four miles from the coffee shop. Local officials later ruled his death a homicide, caused by complications of a perforated duodenal ulcer precipitated by hypothermia and dehydration.

Since January 2025, ICE has detained at least 500 babies and toddlers, with an average of 25 children aged 3 or younger held in custody daily between January and March 2026—a tenfold increase compared to fewer than three young children detained daily during the previous 12 months under Biden. At least 175 infants and toddlers were held beyond the court-mandated 20-day limit established in the Flores v. Reno settlement. Children at facilities including the Dilley Immigration Processing Center in Texas experienced developmental delays, malnutrition, untreated illnesses, and behavioral regression. Medical professionals reported that large numbers of children in detention settings are vulnerable to fevers, vomiting, diarrhea, and coughing, with inadequate medical care provided.

The Wyoming Immigrant Advocacy Project launched the Teton Area Rapid Response Network (TARRN) to provide real-time, verified information about ICE activity in Teton County. Trained bilingual dispatchers and volunteer verifiers respond to reports to document enforcement actions and reduce anxiety fueled by unverified rumors. The initiative comes as immigration enforcement has escalated nationwide, with the Trump administration averaging 746 deportations daily.

Ryan Amilkar Perez Bello entered the United States on December 5, 2022, and was released on his own recognizance on March 2, 2023, after being issued a Notice to Appear for removal proceedings. He was re-detained on March 31, 2026, when he reported for a routine ICE appointment. The court ordered his immediate release, finding that his prior release created a liberty interest and that his continued detention violated due process.

Armando Gonzalez Procopio, a Mexican citizen who lived and worked in Big Bear, California for over 20 years, was arrested by immigration officers on March 31, 2026. He was charged with being present in the United States without having been admitted or paroled and placed in removal proceedings at the ICE Desert View Annex Detention Facility in Adelanto. The court granted his temporary restraining order and ordered his immediate release from immigration custody.

Jose Augusto Grajedo Donis, a Guatemalan national who entered the United States in 2008 at age 15, was taken into immigration custody on March 31, 2026. An immigration judge entered an Order of Removal on May 18, 2026, which Donis appealed to the Board of Immigration Appeals. He filed a habeas corpus petition challenging his continued detention as unlawful and unconstitutional, alleging inadequate medical care for cervical and lumbar spinal injuries, due process violations, and that less restrictive alternatives exist. The court denied his emergency motion for a temporary restraining order prohibiting removal but ordered respondents to file a sealed medical status report within 14 days.

Maria, a 38-year-old thyroid cancer survivor from Brazil, was detained at Delaney Hall ICE detention center for roughly two weeks where medical staff did not provide her prescribed daily hormone supplements and also provided incorrect medication, leaving her unable to urinate for at least four days. Her attorney filed an emergency letter to a federal judge on March 31, 2026, raising concerns about the possibility of irreparable harm including organ failure or sepsis. The judge ordered her release the next day, in part due to these medical concerns. Her case is among over 70 lawsuits filed by Delaney Hall detainees alleging medical neglect.