Human Impact Project

Data from the Deportation Data Project reveals that approximately 41-42 percent of migrants arrested by ICE between January 24 and March 10, 2026 had no criminal records, contradicting Trump administration claims of targeting criminals and public safety threats. The enforcement operations followed deaths of two U.S. citizens in Minnesota. Despite statements about a more targeted approach, ICE maintained high arrest volumes averaging 7,000 weekly during the six-week period—down from 9,000 in January but still primarily affecting people without criminal histories. The administration's goal of 3,000 daily ICE arrests remained unmet, with actual rates around 933 arrests per day.

U.S. District Judge Richard Boulware II ruled that a Trump administration policy requiring ICE to detain all people facing deportation violates federal law and the Fourth Amendment, causing irreparable harm. The decision overturned mandatory detention requirements that had barred immigrants from requesting bond hearings regardless of their length of residence or criminal history. The ruling restores bond hearing rights for non-citizens in removal proceedings and potentially affects hundreds of people, upward of 60 per week in Nevada. ICE was ordered to post bilingual notices by April 7, 2026 and provide habeas petition forms by April 14, 2026.

Federal agents arrested approximately 3,400 people during an immigration enforcement surge in Minnesota between December 2025 and March 2026, with nearly 1,700 deported, mostly to Mexico and Ecuador. Despite the operation's stated focus on Somali immigrants, only two people were deported to Somalia. Most detainees were held at Camp East Montana in Texas, a facility criticized for dangerous conditions, before deportation.

Texas Republicans and Trump administration officials are attempting to deny free public education to undocumented immigrant children, reversing a 50+ year precedent established by the Supreme Court's 1982 ruling. The state previously withdrew in-state tuition access for undocumented students in 2025 after a Trump administration lawsuit settlement. White House adviser Stephen Miller has been pushing Texas lawmakers to lead on restricting educational access for undocumented residents.

Advocacy groups RAICES and Human Rights First released a joint report calling for the closure of the Dilley Immigrant Processing Center, a migrant family detention facility near San Antonio. Based on interviews with 50 families held at the site, the report documents violations of due process and inhumane conditions. Although the facility's population dropped from 1,100 to approximately 100 between January and late March, advocates warned that federal authorities show no signs of ending family detention policies and are planning to open additional family detention facilities.

Federal records show ICE arrests in the Los Angeles area surged to approximately 14,302 in 2025, nearly tripling from 4,684 in 2024, before declining sharply in early 2026. In 2025, 39% of those arrested had no criminal convictions or pending charges, while 46% had convictions and 15% had pending charges. Monthly arrests dropped from over 1,500 in January 2026 to 809 in February 2026 following public pressure and policy shifts in enforcement priorities.

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement announced arrests and detentions of several undocumented immigrants convicted of crimes including arson, drug trafficking, robbery, and burglary. ICE stated that approximately 70% of those arrested had been charged with or convicted of crimes in the United States. The enforcement operations involved individuals from Honduras, Colombia, Mexico, and Cambodia, with convictions recorded in Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, and New York.

ICE made 14,458 arrests in the greater Los Angeles area in 2025, more than triple the 4,684 arrests made in 2024, with 39% of those arrested having no criminal charges or convictions. Arrests fell sharply in early 2026, dropping from over 1,500 in January to 809 in February, amid public pressure and policy shifts toward more targeted enforcement.

Senate and House Republican leaders announced an agreement to reopen the Department of Homeland Security through September 30, resurrecting a bipartisan deal previously rejected by President Trump. The plan would omit funding for Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Border Patrol, with those agencies to be paid from previously appropriated funds. Democrats have demanded restrictions on federal immigration agents' conduct following the killing of two U.S. citizens in Minneapolis by immigration officers.

ICE arrested more than 7,030 people in Massachusetts during the first 15 months of the Trump administration, nearly five times the 1,470 arrests during the final 415 days of the Biden administration. Arrests involved people from 100 countries, with the highest numbers from Brazil and Guatemala, and took place at courthouses, police departments, and in public spaces. Nearly half of those arrested had no pending criminal charges, with 46% marked only for being in the country without legal status.

San Diego County Sheriff Kelly Martinez transferred 83 inmates to ICE custody in 2025, nearly tripling the 30 transfers made in 2024. The increase was driven by 53 federal ICE warrants, many issued under Operation Guardian Angel, a federal initiative using judicial warrants to bypass sanctuary law limits. The transfers included individuals with both violent and nonviolent convictions, and approximately 30 violated county policy. Community members, immigrant advocates, and some supervisors urged Martinez to end ICE cooperation, but she defended the practice as safer than community-based enforcement and declined to change the policy.

A federal judge ruled that the Trump administration violated the law by terminating the immigration status of approximately 900,000 migrants who entered through the CBP One parole program, which allowed asylum seekers to schedule vetted interviews at U.S.-Mexico border ports of entry. The administration ended the program in April 2025 and notified affected migrants via email that their status was revoked and they must leave immediately. The judge found that DHS failed to follow required legal procedures when revoking parole status. The ruling came in a 2025 class action lawsuit and may affect deportations that occurred since the program's termination.

Between April 2025 and February 2026, more than 5,600 people, including parents, children, toddlers, and newborns, were detained at the Dilley Immigration Processing Center, the sole active family detention facility in the United States. As of April 2026, the detained population continued to grow, with representatives reporting an increase to 138 families in a single week and describing heightened secrecy and restrictive conditions at the facility.

The Wyoming Immigrant Advocacy Project launched the Teton Area Rapid Response Network (TARRN) to provide real-time, verified information about ICE activity in Teton County. Trained bilingual dispatchers and volunteer verifiers respond to reports to document enforcement actions and reduce anxiety fueled by unverified rumors. The initiative comes as immigration enforcement has escalated nationwide, with the Trump administration averaging 746 deportations daily.

A CBS News analysis of federal immigration court data found that the Trump administration's policy of deporting asylum-seekers to third countries under asylum cooperative agreements has caused widespread case abandonment. More than 75,500 asylum cases received motions to terminate proceedings, with approximately 12,300 people withdrawing or abandoning their claims or agreeing to voluntary departure. About 17,500 people have been deported to third countries since Trump took office, according to monitoring group estimates, with most sent to Mexico. Asylum-seekers cited prolonged detention, health issues, and legal counsel warnings about extended custody periods as reasons for abandoning their cases.

The St. Charles County Council unanimously approved a 287(g) partnership agreement between the county police department and ICE, allowing local officers to enforce limited immigration authority during routine police duties. The vote took place amid community opposition, with dozens of residents and advocacy groups present to protest the measure, though council members did not discuss the bill before passing it.

According to arrest data from December 2025 to February 2026, approximately 63 percent of people arrested by ICE in Minnesota had no criminal record, with over 3,700 residents detained for civil immigration violations like overstayed visas. In Maine, roughly 80 percent of the nearly 200 people detained in January had only noncriminal immigration violations, with only 11 having criminal records. The data, obtained through Freedom of Information Act requests and analyzed by the Deportation Data Project, contradicted Trump administration claims that arrests targeted serious criminals. Most arrestees were from Latin American countries, with over one-quarter from Ecuador.

Since January 2025, law enforcement referred 109 arrests from Portland ICE facility protests to the Multnomah County District Attorney's Office. Of these referrals, 75 resulted in criminal charges, 28 were rejected, and 6 remain under consideration. Of the 75 cases filed, 24 resulted in convictions (16 guilty pleas, 2 no contest, 6 trial convictions), 43 remain open, and 8 resulted in dismissals or acquittals.

Houston City Council members demanded accountability and policy changes after discovering that at least two police officers directly transported people to ICE agents in July and August 2025. Mayor John Whitmire stated the officers violated Houston Police Department policy. Council members called for Police Chief Noe Diaz to appear before city council to discuss coordination between local law enforcement and federal immigration enforcement, citing concerns that such coordination diverted resources from local law enforcement priorities.

Despite a lapse in federal funding, ICE officers are continuing deportation operations nationwide and have been deployed to assist understaffed TSA at airports in major cities including New York, Chicago, Houston, Phoenix, Atlanta, and New Orleans. DHS officials stated that ICE arrested multiple individuals with criminal convictions over the weekend, including gang members, sex offenders, and drug traffickers, while maintaining airport security presence.

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents conducted immigration enforcement operations at interstate weigh stations across Iowa in coordination with Iowa State Patrol troopers. State patrol officers stopped commercial truck drivers for weigh-station violations, and ICE agents stationed at the facilities then conducted immigration status checks and detained individuals. Suraj Vasal, an Indian national who had sought asylum four years earlier, was arrested on February 11, 2026, after failing to stop at a weigh station on Interstate 80. U.S. District Judge Stephen Locher ruled on March 24, 2026, that ICE and the immigration court violated Vasal's due process rights by conducting a bond hearing with only 30 minutes' notice, preventing him from obtaining legal representation. The judge ordered a new bond hearing with at least 48 hours' notice and assignment to a different judge.

San Diego County's population declined by 5,300 residents in 2025, reversing prior growth, following a 65% drop in foreign arrivals attributed to the Trump administration's immigration crackdown. Net international migration fell from 17,655 to 6,135. Census data shows the county's population decline reflects broader demographic shifts across California. Economists warn that continued immigration restrictions could harm labor force availability and economic growth.

Orange County Mayor Jerry Demings and immigration attorneys alleged that federal authorities have been transporting detained migrants around town before rebooking them into local jails the same day to reset a three-day detention limit. The practice has raised concerns about detention practices in Florida's immigration enforcement system, which has operated under aggressive policies under Governor Ron DeSantis.

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit ruled on March 26, 2026, that the Trump administration has authority to detain immigrants without bond hearings. The case centered on Joaquín Herrera Ávila, a Mexican national detained in Minneapolis in August 2025 after entering without proper documentation. He had lived in the U.S. for over 20 years. The three-judge panel found that immigrants classified as applicants for admission or aliens seeking admission are not entitled to bond hearings before immigration proceedings. The ruling reversed approximately 1,000 habeas corpus orders for release previously issued by Minnesota federal district judges and is expected to be appealed to the Supreme Court.

President Trump deployed ICE agents to major U.S. airports during a Department of Homeland Security funding impasse that caused TSA staffing shortages and long security lines. The deployment was presented as assistance with security operations and crowd control. Trump ordered emergency pay increases for TSA agents to address delays. ICE agents retain their enforcement mandate and broad authority to identify and detain undocumented immigrants while at airports, and may continue working at airports beyond the initial emergency response.

ICE agents have been deployed to NYC-area airports including LaGuardia, JFK, and Newark as part of the Trump administration's immigration enforcement crackdown. Immigration attorneys are advising travelers without permanent legal status, those with pending removal orders, DACA recipients, and others at high risk to reconsider flying. The article provides guidance on constitutional rights, phone security, document preparation, and legal consultation for vulnerable travelers.

An analysis of Immigration and Customs Enforcement data found that the Trump administration detained the parents of at least 11,000 U.S. citizen children in its first seven months, roughly double the rate under the Biden administration. The administration is deporting approximately four times as many mothers of U.S. citizen children per day compared to the Biden administration. The Trump administration revised detention guidelines by removing the word 'humane' from policies governing how officers should interact with detained parents. Many of these parents face deportation, leaving American-born children without parental care.

An editorial describes increased ICE enforcement operations in Eastern Washington, particularly in Franklin and Benton counties, which have disrupted agricultural workers, communities, and families. The piece argues that ICE is conducting indiscriminate arrests of undocumented immigrants without criminal records and calls for immigration reform rather than mass enforcement.

Florida's aggressive immigration enforcement campaign resulted in nearly 10,000 arrests by ICE in 2025, with state and local agencies making approximately 20,000 additional arrests. The enforcement effort has created significant operational challenges including severe detention facility overcrowding, allegations of improper jail practices where detainees were cycled through jails to restart ICE's three-day holding limit, and budget disputes with state lawmakers. Republican sheriffs and law enforcement officials have expressed concerns about the enforcement tactics targeting immigrants without criminal records.

The Supreme Court heard arguments in Noem v. Al Otro Lado, a case challenging the government's "turnback policy" that blocked asylum seekers from accessing ports of entry at the U.S.-Mexico border. Under the policy, CBP officials turned back hundreds of thousands of migrants into Mexico, sometimes falsely claiming lack of processing capacity. Plaintiffs argue the policy violated asylum seekers' rights protected under U.S. and international law.

A total of 17 arrests across multiple Galveston County communities resulted in immigration holds over a one-week period. The arrests were made in League City, Friendswood, Galveston, Hitchcock, Bacliff, Tiki Island, and Texas City, with charges including driving while intoxicated, assault, theft, drug possession, and evading arrest. Law enforcement agencies coordinated with federal immigration authorities when individuals booked into local jails were flagged for potential immigration enforcement action.

Federal immigration agents made 614 arrests at Massachusetts courthouses in 2025, more than double the 282 arrests in 2024. Civil rights advocates and state lawmakers oppose the practice, proposing legislation to require judicial warrants for courthouse arrests. In September 2025, ICE agents detained Ana Michelle Ramirez Sanan's mother, a lawful permanent resident with valid green card status and over 20 years in the U.S., during a family encounter. Her brother with autism was present during the incident. Local police verified the family's legal status and secured their release. The teenager testified before Congress in March 2026 about the incident, describing agents throwing her mother to the ground and blocking her brother from receiving assistance. Lawyers for Civil Rights filed a Federal Tort Claims Act complaint against ICE on behalf of the family in December 2025.

The Department of Justice admitted in federal court that it misrepresented a 2025 ICE memo to justify arrests of immigrants at immigration courthouses nationwide. The DOJ conceded the memo does not actually apply to civil immigration enforcement in federal immigration courts. The error, attributed to an agency attorney, led to hundreds of arrests at immigration courts, often resulting in detentions in facilities far from immigrants' locations. Civil rights organizations filed a lawsuit challenging the arrests, and the government acknowledged the arrests continued despite the misapplication of the guidance.

The Trump administration is placing all pregnant unaccompanied minors apprehended by immigration enforcement at a single group shelter in San Benito, Texas, despite objections from federal health and child welfare officials who say the facility lacks specialized care. More than a dozen pregnant minors, some as young as 13 and many victims of rape, have been placed there since July 2025. Government sources and advocates worry the policy aims to deny abortion access by concentrating pregnant children in a state where abortion is virtually banned.

More than 60 wrongful detention petitions had been filed by immigrants detained in Nebraska since September 2025, with 36 in just the first two months of 2026. Courts grappled with ICE's policy of mandatory detention without bond for nearly all deportation cases. Legal experts called the volume unprecedented.

Minnesota officials sued the Trump administration's Departments of Homeland Security and Justice after ICE agents shot and killed U.S. citizens Renee Good and Alex Pretti, and wounded Julio Cesar Sosa-Celis during an immigration enforcement operation in Minneapolis. The administration refused to cooperate with state-level investigations, declined to release the names of agents involved, and refused to share evidence despite formal requests. Charges against Sosa-Celis were dropped and a criminal investigation was opened into whether federal officials lied under oath. State prosecutors characterized the federal government's refusal to cooperate as unprecedented.

New Jersey Governor Mikie Sherrill signed legislation banning local law enforcement agencies from partnering with ICE, making it the 10th state to adopt such laws. The law codifies a 2018 Immigrant Trust Directive that barred participation in ICE's 287(g) program and restricted law enforcement from detaining people on ICE's behalf. Sherrill also signed two additional laws protecting immigrants: one restricting collection and sharing of immigration status information, and another requiring ICE agents to show identification before making arrests.

Federal court received a letter from Assistant U.S. Attorneys withdrawing material misstatements of fact regarding the 2025 ICE Courthouse Arrest Policies that were made in prior briefs and oral argument. The government admitted that the May 27, 2025 ICE Guidance on civil immigration enforcement in courthouses does not apply to immigration courts, contradicting their previous legal arguments. The case involves a challenge to ICE policies that broadened circumstances for arrests in or near courthouses.

Orange County Sheriff's Department released an annual report showing it notified ICE of 323 prisoners with immigration holds, resulting in 271 being transferred to federal custody. The report comes amid ongoing protests against ICE deportation sweeps in Southern California and disputes between sheriff's officials and immigrant advocacy groups over whether cooperation with immigration authorities should continue.

Texas Commission of Licensing and Regulation unanimously adopted a new rule requiring people seeking professional licenses, including electricians and dog breeders, to prove legal immigration status. The rule implements a 1996 federal law but allows exceptions for those granted asylum, admitted as refugees, or recognized as human trafficking victims. The change takes effect May 1 and has prompted concerns about economic impact and pushing workers into unlicensed work.

An analysis found that ICE enforcement surges across multiple U.S. cities in 2025-2026 resulted in substantial costs to local governments and police departments. Los Angeles police spent $41 million on overtime in June 2025, while Minneapolis police spent over $6 million between January and February during Operation Metro Surge, with the city estimating total economic costs at $203 million. Portland police nearly doubled their 2024 overtime payouts for event response, including nearly 3,000 hours for a single Homeland Security Secretary facility visit. Police departments already facing post-2020 staffing shortages were further strained by the operations, which were largely concentrated in Democratic-led cities.

A Reuters investigation found that judges across the country have ruled more than 4,400 times since October that ICE has illegally detained immigrants. As ICE custody has swelled to 68,000 people this month (up 75% since Trump took office), immigrants have filed over 20,200 habeas corpus petitions claiming unconstitutional detention, with judges granting relief in at least 4,421 cases. The Trump administration has often failed to comply with court orders releasing detainees.

The Trump administration is significantly expanding ICE detention infrastructure as part of its mass deportation campaign. The federal government is spending billions—including $85 billion in new funding with $45 billion specifically allocated for detention expansion over four years—to purchase buildings and convert warehouses into detention centers. ICE is also expanding contracts with local jails and private prison facilities. The number of immigrants in ICE custody has increased over 80% to approximately 70,000 detainees. Lawmakers, advocacy groups, and some local officials have raised concerns about detention conditions in facilities not originally designed for human habitation, with communities across the political spectrum opposing the expansion.

Senator Cory Booker held a press conference at Newark Airport to protest the Trump administration's deployment of ICE agents to airports across the country amid TSA funding disputes. Booker and ACLU representatives criticized the use of ICE agents at airports as reckless and a political tool, arguing the agency has a history of civil rights violations and should not be deployed in this capacity.

The Justice Department has dismantled a 60-year-old Recognition and Accreditation program that authorized non-attorneys to provide affordable legal representation to low-income immigrants. Senior attorneys operating the program were abruptly reassigned, leaving only two support staff without legal authority to process accreditation applications. The program currently accredits over 2,600 non-attorneys across 900 organizations, primarily faith-based groups like Catholic Charities and Jewish Family Services.

California's Senate Public Safety Committee advanced Senate Bill 941, which would limit price markups on goods sold in Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention facility commissaries to a maximum of 35% above vendor cost. The bill addresses exploitative pricing practices by private vendors, with items like soap marked up 75% and canned tuna by 300%. Supporters argue the measure protects detained immigrants and their families from predatory pricing during vulnerable circumstances.

A federal judge blocked a Trump administration policy that would have significantly expanded refugee detention in Texas. The court's decision paused a plan that would have affected tens of thousands of immigrants in the state.

Hundreds of immigration detainees held in New Mexico facilities have filed petitions in federal court seeking bond hearings and release, challenging a new interpretation of the 1996 Immigration and Nationality Act that denies bond hearings to those who entered at unauthorized points. The detainees, from countries including Cuba, Mexico, Venezuela, Afghanistan, and others, include individuals who were arrested without warrants. Federal judges in New Mexico have granted bond hearings in approximately 99% of cases, but detainees must hire attorneys to file the petitions.

Between January 1, 2025, and February 16, 2026, the Department of Homeland Security deported 363 pregnant, postpartum, or nursing women, according to data provided to U.S. senators. As of February 16, 2026, 86 detainees were identified as pregnant in ICE custody, including nine in the final trimester, and 16 miscarriages in detention had been recorded by late September 2025. Human Rights Watch and other advocates noted health risks associated with detaining pregnant individuals and identified gaps in medical care.

During a government shutdown causing TSA staffing shortages and three-hour airport security delays, President Trump announced ICE agent deployments to assist at airports nationwide. Atlanta Mayor Andre Dickens confirmed ICE agents will deploy to Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport on Monday to support TSA operations including line management and crowd control, with officials stating the deployment is not intended for immigration enforcement activities.