Human Impact Project

Brazilian migrants deported from the United States arrived at Belo Horizonte International Airport on January 25, 2025, reporting abuse, threats, and degrading treatment by U.S. immigration agents during their deportation flight. The deportees reported they were handcuffed for 50 hours without air conditioning, subjected to poor conditions, and opened an emergency door to alert Brazilian authorities. The Brazilian government requested explanations from the Trump administration regarding the treatment of the passengers.

On January 23, 2025, ICE agents detained Giovanni Duran, 42, during a traffic stop in Echo Park, Los Angeles, while his wife Loreal and their children were present. Duran came to California from El Salvador at age 2, brought by his family, and had lived in the U.S. for nearly four decades, working as a busser in a Los Angeles sushi restaurant. He has prior convictions from 2012 and 2014 and a 2014 deportation order, and is now held at the Adelanto detention facility awaiting deportation. His 7-year-old son has required counseling after witnessing the arrest.

The 40-year-old man is a decorated U.S. Army veteran who deployed twice to Iraq, received a Purple Heart after a 2004 explosion caused traumatic brain injury, and was honorably discharged in 2008. While struggling with untreated TBI and PTSD, he shot a pregnant woman, was convicted of attempted murder, sentenced to 52 years, and served 15 years before being paroled on January 21, 2025, when ICE immediately detained him. His commanding officer said his 2006 citizenship application was completed and eligible but lost in processing, and an earlier attempt to deport him to Venezuela failed when that country refused to accept him. In November 2025, ICE moved him through Florence and Nogales, Arizona, and deported him to Mexico, with the removal occurring on Veterans Day and the 21st anniversary of the explosion that wounded him; his wife, Tia, said she has not been told his whereabouts, and his former platoon members and medic have voiced dismay over the timing.

Daniel Oquendo, 33, crossed the U.S.-Mexico border on January 20, 2025, and was apprehended in San Diego. He was placed on a U.S. military C-130 flight with handcuffs as part of a planned deportation to Colombia, but Colombian President Gustavo Petro blocked the landing of two military flights carrying about 200 deportees in early January, objecting to their treatment and the use of military aircraft. After being turned around mid-flight and spending a night in El Paso, Oquendo was finally repatriated to Colombia on a civilian aircraft sent by the Colombian government on January 28.

Génesis Ester Gutiérrez Castellanos, a 5-year-old U.S. citizen who misses her cousins, classmates and kindergarten teachers in Austin, Texas, was deported to Honduras with her mother, Karen Guadalupe Gutiérrez Castellanos, after Austin police responding to a early-morning disturbance call found no incident but identified an ICE administrative warrant against the mother issued in 2019, before Génesis was born. ICE arrested both and, according to advocacy group Grassroots Leadership, held them incommunicado at a San Antonio hotel while pressuring them not to disclose their location, preventing attorneys from intervening before they were deported without a hearing. The mother briefly reached her brother by phone on January 7 to say they were about to be removed, and called from Honduras on January 11 to confirm the deportation; she has said she plans to send her daughter back to the U.S. with another relative.

An unnamed migrant who returned to a mountain town in Michoacán took a job managing a cattle herd for a local rancher. The rancher had not obtained required vetting and approval from the Jalisco New Generation Cartel before hiring the outsider. Upon discovering the unauthorized employment, sicarios arrived at the migrant's home and fired multiple rounds of bullets into the building. The worker fled out the back door as gunmen stormed in, losing all his possessions. He subsequently went into hiding in Michoacán's capital.

Adrián Ramírez, 45, was deported from Nashville to his hometown in Michoacán, Mexico after more than two decades in the United States. Upon return, he was interrogated and photographed by cartel members, then watched as the Jalisco New Generation Cartel took control of his town, killing the gas station owner and extorting residents. Fearing for his life, Ramírez left his pueblo a few months later and relocated to another town, also controlled by the cartel. He now works at a tortillería and has been warned that cartel members may question him about his origins. He remains separated from his three children in the U.S. and fears detention if he attempts to return.

Eduardo was detained by ICE in January while driving home from work with a coworker. He was deported to Honduras within a week, leaving his wife Jennifer to care for their five children alone, ranging in age from 18 months to 12 years old. The family now faces financial crisis as Jennifer struggles to provide food, housing, utilities, and basic necessities on her own.

Immigration agents raided a family home in rural Donna, Texas, in January, arresting Julio Orosco and Lucero Garza, who had been living in the country without authorization. Garza was deported to Mexico while Orosco remains in custody. Their six children, ages 11 to 22, have had to assume caretaking and financial responsibilities, with 22-year-old Andrea taking on the role of head of household. Older siblings have set aside plans for college and marriage to work and support the family, while younger siblings have taken on farm chores and have shown signs of withdrawal.