Human Impact Project

ProPublica previously received letters from children held at the Dilley Immigration Processing Center, where over 750 families and 370 single adult women were being held in early February, describing missing school and friends, lacking reliable medical care, and feeling scared and depressed. Since then, former detainees, lawyers and advocates report that guards have begun confiscating crayons, drawing paper and children's artwork during room searches, and that detainees have lost access to Gmail and other communication tools in the facility's library. Those interviewed said the restrictions intensified after the Jan. 22 arrival of a 5-year-old detainee sparked protests and congressional visits, and after children's and parents' letters and video calls drew public attention to conditions at the facility. One 7-year-old detainee wrote that he had been held 23 days with his mother and young sister, saying, "I cry a lot I want to get out of here go back to my school."

Lila Romero, 47, a Venezuelan psychologist living in Dallas, Texas, arrived in the U.S. in 2024 on a tourist visa and began applying for asylum. She was arrested during a traffic stop on January 9 after driving a family business vehicle without proper license plates, and was held for about three and a half months at the Bluebonnet detention center in Anson, Texas. While detained, she informally provided therapy to other women, diagnosing high levels of anxiety, panic attacks, insomnia and stress-related physical symptoms such as nervous hives, and she coped with her own confinement by treating the experience as a job. She now works helping immigrants and families affected by detentions and deportations, and has an immigration hearing scheduled for late September.

A Brazilian man was caught up in a fight between detainees in the Krome canteen in late January. Staff took him outside and beat him. One guard choked him; when he bit in self-defense, another yanked his arm backwards, causing a serious injury. He was denied a sling and given only basic pain medication for a few days. In late March or early April, he sustained knee injuries during recreation. Despite visible swelling and signs of infection, he was denied timely care. By the time he was hospitalized, staff had to drain fluid from both knees. Hospital staff told him any further delay could have resulted in amputation. He required a wheelchair but was assigned to a top bunk at FDC despite repeated requests to be moved.

Victor Diaz, a 36-year-old Nicaraguan restaurant worker, died by suicide in January 2025 while in ICE custody at Camp East Montana in El Paso, Texas. Diaz was initially detained by ICE in Minnesota and transferred to the crowded El Paso facility, where he lost contact with relatives. After reporting harassment from fellow detainees, he was placed in isolation, where he subsequently died by suicide.

Jeferson Escalona, 19, a former Venezuelan police officer, was arrested by local Texas police in January 2025 for evading arrest and later detained by ICE. He was transferred through Guantanamo Bay to the Bluebonnet detention center, with DHS alleging gang ties based on hand gesture photos without evidence; Escalona denied the claims and sought voluntary return to Venezuela, which was denied. In late March 2025, he was among 17 Venezuelan men deported to El Salvador's CECOT prison, a move that occurred two days after a federal judge issued an order barring deportations of migrants to third countries without notice or a chance to contest removal. His attorney, with the ACLU, raised concerns about the government's allegations and said he was denied due process to challenge them before deportation.