Human Impact Project

A Senegalese woman deported to Ghana under a third-country removal arrangement was sent, along with other detainees, to a remote military camp with little electricity or outside contact after Ghanaian officials reacted angrily to viral video of another deportee being forcibly removed. Fearing she would be returned to Senegal, she attempted suicide by drinking bleach and was hospitalized before being deported back to Senegal anyway.

Gisèle, who fled fighting between the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda, was deported by US authorities to Cameroon under a third-country removal agreement. Suffering from a thyroid condition, she was never able to obtain her medication at the Yaoundé migrant shelter despite repeated requests, and after five months there she abandoned plans to seek asylum in Cameroon and agreed to be sent back to the DR Congo out of concern her health would worsen.

Isatou, a pseudonym for a woman from Guinea who migrated to the U.S. to escape a forced marriage, was removed to Ghana as a third-country destination and subsequently sent back to Guinea, her country of origin. Months after her removal, she said she has had to hide out of fear of encountering her family. "I don’t go out anymore, I’m scared of coming across my family," she said. "They ruined my life."

Roberto Mosquera del Peral, a 59-year-old Cuban immigrant who arrived in the U.S. as a child during the 1980 Mariel boatlift and worked as a plumber while raising four daughters, was detained by ICE at a routine immigration appointment and held at the Krome detention center in Florida. He had a criminal record but had already served his sentence in the U.S.; because Cuba has refused to accept his return for nearly three decades, he was flown from Texas and deported without his consent to Eswatini under the Trump administration's third-country deportation program. He has since been held over a year in a maximum-security cell at Matsapha Correctional Complex without being charged with any offense or given access to legal counsel, according to his lawyer, Alma David. He staged a 30-day hunger strike that raised serious health concerns to win small concessions such as wearing his own clothes and having a cellphone to contact family. He does not know if or when he will be released, has missed the deaths of his oldest sister and best friend in America, and will miss his daughter's upcoming wedding. Civic groups in Eswatini have filed court cases challenging the legality of detaining him and other deportees without charge.

Leonardo Sánchez, a Cuban migrant with a large abdominal hernia and a pending operation, was deported to Equatorial Guinea and is being held at the Hotel Bamy in Malabo. His mother, Caridad, said from Miami that she has not heard from him in a week because authorities took away detainees' phones to prevent them from speaking with the press. "What they're doing is criminal; the treatment is unfair," she said.

Carlos Rodríguez, a Cuban migrant, was one of five deportees who refused to leave the ICE deportation plane upon landing, saying they did not feel safe; he says officers carried him off the aircraft and beat him while he was handcuffed. He and three other Cubans, along with a Brazilian, had been told by authorities that if they stayed calm they would be returned to the United States, but the plane instead delivered them to Equatorial Guinea. "This is human trafficking, they trafficked us on a plane," he told EL PAÍS.

An Iraqi man showing early signs of dementia was arrested by ICE agents in his own front yard after living in the United States for more than 30 years. An immigration judge had previously ruled he would likely face persecution or torture if deported to Iraq, granting him legal protection from removal to his home country. Despite that ruling, he was held in Arizona ICE detention facilities while officials searched for another country willing to accept him. He was identified as one of more than 120 immigrants in Arizona who remained detained even after winning protection from deportation to their home countries, according to an analysis of habeas corpus petitions.

A Venezuelan asylum seeker in her mid-20s, who entered the United States legally around 2022-2023 and had lived and worked in the country for several years without a criminal record, was detained by ICE agents during an enforcement operation on August 25, 2026. She held a pending asylum application and a valid work permit. She was held at the GSA Guaynabo Immigration Center in Puerto Rico without receiving a bond hearing, despite her detention falling under a discretionary framework that entitles detainees to one. After learning she was scheduled to be transferred out of Puerto Rico, she filed a habeas corpus petition and an emergency motion for a temporary restraining order, arguing the detention violated the Immigration and Nationality Act and her due process rights. A federal court granted the temporary restraining order, barring her transfer outside Puerto Rico's jurisdiction and ordering that she receive a bond hearing before an Immigration Judge, while holding her habeas petition in abeyance pending further briefing and a government status report.

A Maryland mother, who is undocumented, delayed seeking medical care for her U.S. citizen son's severe asthma attack out of fear of encountering ICE agents on the road. The boy was eventually taken to a local clinic and then medevaced to a Washington, D.C. hospital. A new American Academy of Pediatrics survey of more than 1,600 pediatricians nationwide, conducted between April and June 2026, found 40% reported families avoiding medical care, 31% reported families avoiding programs like Medicaid or food assistance, and 21% reported families keeping children out of school due to immigration enforcement fears, with urban practices reporting avoidance at nearly double the rate of rural ones. Pediatricians trace the trend partly to the 2025 rescission of federal guidance that had kept immigration agents away from hospitals, clinics and schools, and to a broadened public charge rule.

Angie, a 26-year-old asylum-seeker from San Jose, discovered she was pregnant shortly after being detained at the Mesa Verde ICE Processing Center in Bakersfield, California. She later woke up passing large amounts of fluid and experienced severe bleeding and cramping; migrant rights advocates say she was denied immediate medical care and was shackled during transport to a hospital, where she required a blood transfusion. Medical staff at the facility told her she had miscarried and that it was not her fault. Advocates say her case reflects a broader pattern of ICE failing to follow required protocols for pregnant and postpartum detainees. She is among at least 18 women ICE recorded as having miscarried in custody during the first nine months of the Trump administration, though the agency says it has no data on miscarriages after October 2025.

An unnamed client of immigration attorney Javier Rivera, a victim of domestic violence with legal protections meant to shield her from removal, was deported to Nicaragua in August. A federal court has already ordered her return to the United States. Rivera said the administration is 'in such a hurry to kick people out... that they aren't actually looking at the legality of some of this stuff.'

In late August, ICE deported three Nicaraguan men to the Central African Republic, even though none of them had ties to that country and at least two had protections in place that barred their return to Nicaragua. The men reported being transported in handcuffs under duress and were left stranded in Bangui with uncertain immigration status. The deportations are part of a broader U.S. policy of sending migrants to third-party African countries when legal barriers prevent their return to their countries of origin.

A Boston federal judge ordered the release of Eleandro Almeida de Souza, a Brazilian citizen who has lived in the U.S. since 2019 with no criminal convictions and no final removal order, after finding he credibly rebutted ICE's account of his August 14 arrest. De Souza's lawyer said he was violently cut off and pinned by multiple unmarked cars without sirens or lights, prompting him to flee out of fear, contradicting ICE's report that he ran after being identified as law enforcement. An immigration judge had initially ordered him detained as a flight risk based on ICE's arrest report, but U.S. District Judge Brian E. Murphy later ruled that ICE was no longer entitled to a legal presumption that its official reports are truthful, citing a "litany of deception and outright falsehoods" in the agency's representations to courts, and noted de Souza's account aligned with other disputed ICE arrests, including that of Rümeysa Öztürk.

Samson Birhane, 47, arrived in the US as an Eritrean refugee at age 13 and lost his immigration status after a robbery conviction in 1988, though he had already served his sentence and had been regularly checking in with ICE as required. A US immigration judge had previously ruled he faced a risk of torture if returned to Eritrea, but he was instead deported to Equatorial Guinea under a $7.5 million agreement between the countries. On September 11, 2026, Birhane and fellow deportee Ahmed Soliman, who grew up in Phoenix after his family fled Egypt when he was young, were arrested after helping document abusive conditions at Hotel Bamy, a site used to detain US deportees; officers covered their heads with bags, beat them, and pushed one down a staircase while demanding to know where phones were hidden, accusing them of breaking a mirror. Amnesty International said the men are now held in an overcrowded police cell without access to their attorneys and called for their immediate release, saying the arrest was retaliation for exposing authorities' efforts to coerce deportees into returning to their home countries; the group also cited a September 5 incident in which police pointed firearms at Soliman and other deportees.

Anthony, a Zimbabwean man in his forties, was detained by ICE last year after crossing the US-Mexico border following a long and dangerous journey through Central America. He was subsequently deported to Cameroon, a country with which he has no ties, and now spends much of his time reading the Bible for comfort while facing uncertainty about his future.

Kenis Alberto López (also reported as Adalberto López), a 44-year-old Nicaraguan man held in U.S. immigration detention for about eight months, was deported to the Central African Republic on a flight departing Aug. 28-29 from Texas. He alleges ICE agents shot him with rubber or pepper-ball projectiles, injuring him, then bound, hooded, and dragged him before tying him to a stretcher to force him onto the plane, restraining him for roughly 24 hours. He told the Los Angeles Times he pleaded with agents, saying, 'I'd rather die here than in Africa.' The flight carried around 100 deportees, including migrants from Iran, Bangladesh and Afghanistan, with López traveling alongside fellow Nicaraguans Luis Carlos Mendoza Santamaría and Isaac Cruz. López says he has no criminal record, had received a deportation stay in 2024, and cannot return to Nicaragua due to danger there, though DHS says he re-entered the U.S. illegally in 2022 and was later released under the Biden administration. He and the other Nicaraguan men are now confined under police custody in a housing complex in Bangui with roughly 40 other migrants, facing mobility restrictions and limited access to water and electricity. ICE has not responded to the mistreatment allegations.

The petitioner is a citizen of Nepal who entered the United States without authorization roughly four years before this order. In August 2025, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detained him under 8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A) pending his removal proceedings. He filed a habeas corpus petition seeking immediate release or, alternatively, a bond hearing. The court held that binding Fifth Circuit precedent forecloses his statutory argument, as § 1225(b)(2)(A) mandates detention without bond for unadmitted individuals like him throughout removal proceedings. The court also rejected his due process claims, finding both that a precedential stay order forecloses such claims and that, independently, his detention does not violate procedural or substantive due process. The court further noted that any prior release on recognizance under a different statute does not exempt him from mandatory detention here. His Fourth Amendment argument was likewise rejected. The court denied the habeas petition and all pending motions as moot.

Natalie Holmes, 51, a Jamaican national and ordained pastor, says she was deported to Equatorial Guinea in June while her habeas corpus petition challenging her removal was still pending. She remains among 29 men and women held indefinitely at the decommissioned Hotel Bamy in Malabo, where deportees say they have been dragged from their rooms at gunpoint, handcuffed, assaulted and threatened by armed guards. Witnesses and Amnesty International report that two men at the hotel were recently hooded, bound, beaten with guns and shoved down stairs by police, allegedly to stop them from exposing deteriorating conditions. American judges had ruled that most of those held, including Holmes, could not be deported to their home countries due to risk of torture or persecution, yet Equatorial Guinea has granted them no legal status, documents, medical care or legal assistance.

Paola dos Santos, a Brazilian woman, told The New York Times she had been detained in the United States for 15 months before being deported to Liberia in August.

Peta-Gaye Chambers, 35, who came to the United States from Jamaica as a child, had been granted 'withholding of removal' by a U.S. immigration judge in 2013 after he found she would face persecution in Jamaica. Despite that protection, ICE deported her to Equatorial Guinea in June without notice. Chambers says she and other deportees were dragged from their rooms at gunpoint, handcuffed, assaulted and threatened by armed guards at the decommissioned Hotel Bamy in Malabo, where she remains held.