U.S. District Court Judge Beryl Howell ruled that Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents violated a December court order restricting warrantless arrests in Washington, D.C. The original order required ICE to determine probable cause that a person could flee before obtaining a warrant, considering factors like community ties, employment, and length of residence. However, ICE relied on a memo by acting ICE Director Todd Lyons that authorized arrests of people deemed "likely to escape," which Howell found inconsistent with her order. Advocacy groups CASA and ACLU documented 33 cases of continued warrantless arrests after the preliminary injunction was issued.