The Fray Matías de Córdoba Human Rights Center and the Kino Border Initiative documented conditions facing people deported by the U.S. through Nogales and Tapachula, Mexico, and Guatemala City. Since April 2026, DHS shifted from land-border returns to flying Mexican deportees deep into the interior—mainly Villahermosa and Tapachula—as part of a 'geographic deterrence' strategy, with ICE Flight Monitor recording 408 such flights between mid-April and July 2026. Of 387 Mexican citizens interviewed between December 2025 and July 2026, 42 percent reported ICE failed to return passports, IDs, money, or belongings, and some described being pressured or coerced into signing removal papers, with officers reportedly saying 'If you don't sign, I will.' Detention conditions included poor food, aggressive guards, denial of medications, overcrowding, and isolation, and 20 percent of those interviewed in June 2026 reported serious injuries, including from scaling the border wall. Most deportees had lived in the U.S. an average of 14.3 years, with 58 percent separated from U.S. citizen family members. Separately, Mexican citizens deported to Guatemala City under a U.S.-Guatemala agreement are transported to the Mexican border near Tapachula and often left at the borderline before dawn, along a route where ransom kidnappings have been common since 2023, including cases of torture such as an Ecuadorian man now in a vegetative state; over 18,000 third-country nationals have been bused into Chiapas and held at the Siglo XXI detention center, with Mexico's asylum agency COMAR taking up to two years to decide cases.